Kandyan dance, Sri Lanka's classical dance form, is renowned for its intricate movements, elaborate costumes, and rhythmic percussion, originating from the hill country region of Kandy. It is considered the "classical dance of Sri Lanka" and is often associated with the Kohomba Kankariya, a major religious festival.
Historical Context: Kandyan dance flourished during the reign of the Kandyan kings, from the 16th to the 19th centuries. It is believed to have originated from dances performed as part of rituals to ward off illness and natural disasters. The South Indian form, particularly from Kerala, is said to have arrived in the 18th century, influencing the dance.
Distinctive Features: Kandyan dance features a variety of forms, including Ves, Naiyandi, Udekki, Pantheru, and Vannams. Ves dance is particularly notable for its elaborate costumes and the dancers' role in religious rituals. The rhythmic music, typically performed with drums and cymbals (like the Geta Beraya and Thalampota), is a defining characteristic. The Geta Beraya, a drum traditionally made from specific types of wood, is a central instrument in Kandyan dance.
Musical Instruments and Music: Percussion instruments, especially the Geta Beraya and Thalampota (cymbals), provide the rhythmic foundation for the dance. The Geta Beraya, with its unique construction and sound, is a significant element. The Vannams, a type of dance form, often involve sung lyrics describing the actions and virtues of various animals.
Costumes: Male dancers in Kandy wear a white cotton costume with a heavy ornamented belt, a breastplate, and a silver headdress with gems. Female dancers wear elaborate costumes, including headdresses and decorative beaded nets.
Types of Dances:
Ves Dance:
Performed as part of the Kohomba Kankariya festival, with dancers wearing elaborate costumes and performing sacred rituals.
Naiyandi Dance:
Often performed during the initial stages of the Kohomba Kankariya, featuring dancers in specific costumes during preparations for the festival.
Udekki Dance:
Characterized by the use of a small hand drum (Udarata) and associated with prestigious performances.
Pantheru Dance:
Features instruments like the Pantheru, a drum-like instrument with cymbals.
Vannams:
Traditional dance forms that often depict the behavior of animals and are accompanied by sung lyrics.
